{"id":9130,"date":"2026-10-22T14:58:35","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T11:58:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/?p=9130"},"modified":"2026-10-22T15:12:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T12:12:32","slug":"un-expert-de-lonu-met-en-garde-contre-la-guerre-contre-le-narco-terrorisme-et-appelle-au-respect-des-droits-humains","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/9130","title":{"rendered":"Un expert de l\u2019ONU met en garde contre la \u00ab guerre contre le narco-terrorisme \u00bb et appelle au respect des droits humains"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Les \u00c9tats doivent s\u2019abstenir de qualifier abusivement les cartels de la drogue et les bandes criminelles d\u2019organisations \u00ab terroristes \u00bb et rejeter toute nouvelle \u00ab guerre contre le narco-terrorisme \u00bb portant atteinte aux droits humains, selon Ben Saul, Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial des Nations Unies sur la promotion et la protection des droits de l\u2019homme et des libert\u00e9s fondamentales dans la lutte antiterroriste.<\/p>\n<p>Dans une d\u00e9claration accompagnant son <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.un.org\/A\/81\/227\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nouveau rapport<\/a>, Ben Saul souligne que la violence li\u00e9e au crime organis\u00e9 et l\u2019usage probl\u00e9matique de drogues menacent les droits \u00e0 la vie, \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la personne et \u00e0 la sant\u00e9. Les \u00c9tats doivent prendre toutes les mesures l\u00e9gales n\u00e9cessaires pour y r\u00e9pondre. Toutefois, les similitudes entre certains effets de la violence criminelle et du terrorisme ne justifient pas de leur appliquer le m\u00eame r\u00e9gime juridique.<\/p>\n<p>Selon le Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial, conform\u00e9ment aux normes internationales, la notion de terrorisme devrait \u00eatre limit\u00e9e aux violences motiv\u00e9es par des objectifs politiques ou id\u00e9ologiques et exclure la criminalit\u00e9 organis\u00e9e \u00e0 but lucratif.<\/p>\n<h2>R\u00e9ponses militaris\u00e9es et pouvoirs exceptionnels<\/h2>\n<p>Ben Saul avertit que la tendance croissante \u00e0 d\u00e9signer des groupes criminels comme organisations terroristes favorise l\u2019\u00e9largissement des pouvoirs exceptionnels et le recours \u00e0 des r\u00e9ponses de plus en plus s\u00e9curitaires. Il rel\u00e8ve notamment cette \u00e9volution dans le cadre de l\u2019initiative \u00ab Bouclier des Am\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui r\u00e9unit 19 \u00c9tats.<\/p>\n<p>Les r\u00e9ponses militaris\u00e9es au pr\u00e9tendu \u00ab narco-terrorisme \u00bb ont entra\u00een\u00e9 de graves violations des droits humains, notamment des homicides arbitraires, des actes de torture, des disparitions forc\u00e9es et des d\u00e9tentions arbitraires, indique-t-il. La prolongation des \u00e9tats d\u2019urgence a \u00e9galement restreint les libert\u00e9s de circulation, d\u2019association, d\u2019expression et de r\u00e9union pacifique, tout en portant atteinte aux droits des peuples autochtones.<\/p>\n<p>Selon les informations cit\u00e9es par le Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial, les \u00c9tats-Unis auraient ill\u00e9galement tu\u00e9 au moins 239 personnes lors de 71 attaques militaires contre des embarcations civiles en mer au cours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e \u00e9coul\u00e9e, sous couvert de pr\u00e9venir le \u00ab narco-terrorisme \u00bb. Ben Saul estime que ces homicides pourraient constituer des crimes contre l\u2019humanit\u00e9 et demande que leurs auteurs r\u00e9pondent de leurs actes.<\/p>\n<h2>Des risques pour les migrants, l\u2019action humanitaire et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile<\/h2>\n<p>Le Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial souligne que les d\u00e9signations injustifi\u00e9es de groupes criminels comme organisations terroristes peuvent entra\u00eener le gel d\u2019avoirs, des interdictions de voyager, des expulsions sommaires et des refoulements.<\/p>\n<p>Des infractions d\u00e9finies de mani\u00e8re trop large en mati\u00e8re de financement du terrorisme et de soutien mat\u00e9riel peuvent \u00e9galement porter pr\u00e9judice aux migrants, aux acteurs humanitaires, aux entreprises, aux organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et aux communaut\u00e9s vuln\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n<p>Il constate par ailleurs que plusieurs d\u00e9cennies de politiques fortement s\u00e9curitaires dans les Am\u00e9riques n\u2019ont souvent pas permis de r\u00e9duire le trafic de drogues et ont fr\u00e9quemment aggrav\u00e9 la violence.<\/p>\n<h2>Renforcer la justice, la sant\u00e9 publique et la pr\u00e9vention<\/h2>\n<p>Ben Saul appelle les \u00c9tats \u00e0 renforcer les cadres juridiques de lutte contre la criminalit\u00e9 organis\u00e9e, les capacit\u00e9s des services charg\u00e9s de l\u2019application des lois et du renseignement, les enqu\u00eates financi\u00e8res, la lutte contre la corruption et la coop\u00e9ration internationale. Il recommande \u00e9galement de renforcer le contr\u00f4le des armes de type militaire.<\/p>\n<p>Il pr\u00e9conise de r\u00e9duire les facteurs qui incitent les personnes \u00e0 rejoindre ou \u00e0 soutenir des groupes criminels, notamment par la lutte contre la pauvret\u00e9, le d\u00e9veloppement, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des services publics et une gouvernance plus attentive aux besoins de la population.<\/p>\n<p>En mati\u00e8re de drogues, le Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial plaide pour une nouvelle approche fond\u00e9e sur la pr\u00e9vention, l\u2019\u00e9ducation, la sant\u00e9 publique et la r\u00e9duction des risques et des dommages. Ses recommandations comprennent \u00e9galement la l\u00e9galisation des drogues afin de r\u00e9duire les profits des groupes criminels.<\/p>\n<p>Le rapport souligne ainsi l\u2019importance de distinguer clairement la lutte antiterroriste de la lutte contre la criminalit\u00e9 organis\u00e9e, de garantir le respect des droits humains dans les politiques de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de justice p\u00e9nale, et de prendre en compte les dimensions sanitaires, sociales et \u00e9conomiques des dommages li\u00e9s aux drogues.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source :<\/strong> D\u00e9claration du Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial publi\u00e9e le 22 octobre 2026 par le Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Consulter le rapport :<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.un.org\/A\/81\/227\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Document des Nations Unies A\/81\/227<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Les rapporteurs sp\u00e9ciaux sont des experts ind\u00e9pendants nomm\u00e9s par le Conseil des droits de l\u2019homme des Nations Unies et exercent leurs fonctions \u00e0 titre personnel. Les opinions et recommandations attribu\u00e9es ci-dessus au Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial ne refl\u00e8tent pas n\u00e9cessairement la position de l\u2019ONU ou du Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Les \u00c9tats doivent s\u2019abstenir de qualifier abusivement les cartels de la drogue et les bandes criminelles d\u2019organisations \u00ab terroristes \u00bb et rejeter toute nouvelle \u00ab guerre contre le narco-terrorisme \u00bb portant atteinte aux droits humains, selon Ben Saul, Rapporteur sp\u00e9cial des Nations Unies sur la promotion et la protection des droits de l\u2019homme et [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9126,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[155],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-actualites"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - 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An independent national institution established under Law No. 62\/2016, which includes a National Preventive Mechanism against torture (the Committee for the Prevention of Torture), in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 12\/2008 (ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture). 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