{"id":3399,"date":"2025-09-14T09:34:23","date_gmt":"2025-09-14T09:34:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/archives\/3399"},"modified":"2025-09-14T09:46:36","modified_gmt":"2025-09-14T09:46:36","slug":"%d9%82%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%88-%d9%88%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399","title":{"rendered":"Le cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

Un rapport de l\u2019Alternative Policy Institute (API)<\/a> indique que le syst\u00e8me de kafala au Liban pourrait \u00eatre en train d\u2019\u00e9voluer, apr\u00e8s que l\u2019ancienne travailleuse domestique \u00e9thiopienne Meseret Hailu a intent\u00e9 un proc\u00e8s contre son employeur et l\u2019agence de recrutement, les accusant d\u2019esclavage et de traite d\u2019\u00eatres humains.<\/p>\n

Hailu, qui a travaill\u00e9 au Liban pendant pr\u00e8s d\u2019une d\u00e9cennie, a, selon son t\u00e9moignage, \u00e9t\u00e9 soumise \u00e0 des conditions \u00e9prouvantes, notamment le non-paiement de ses salaires, de longues heures de travail sans repos, la confiscation de son passeport, des violences physiques et l\u2019interdiction de tout contact avec sa famille. Ces violations l’ont pouss\u00e9e \u00e0 exiger que son exp\u00e9rience soit reconnue comme une forme d\u2019esclavage moderne<\/a>, et non comme un simple conflit du travail.<\/p>\n

Le syst\u00e8me de kafala est apparu comme un m\u00e9canisme visant \u00e0 r\u00e9glementer le travail \u00e9tranger dans la r\u00e9gion du Golfe apr\u00e8s l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage, en liant enti\u00e8rement le statut juridique des travailleurs migrants \u00e0 leur employeur dans le pays d\u2019accueil. Au Liban, ce principe a \u00e9t\u00e9 renforc\u00e9 par la Loi sur les \u00e9trangers de 1962, tandis que l\u2019article 7 de la Loi du travail de 1946 excluait explicitement le travail domestique des protections fondamentales du droit du travail.<\/p>\n

Le Contrat unifi\u00e9 standard de 2009 accorde aux travailleuses domestiques migrantes certaines protections de base, telles qu\u2019un salaire mensuel, un jour de cong\u00e9 hebdomadaire, un cong\u00e9 maladie pay\u00e9, une assurance sant\u00e9 et des horaires de travail d\u00e9finis. Cependant, le contrat favorise clairement les employeurs en mati\u00e8re de rupture de contrat : les travailleuses ne peuvent r\u00e9silier leur contrat que si elles peuvent prouver des violences physiques ou une agression sexuelle. Le contrat ne traite pas non plus de la question de la confiscation des passeports. En pratique, les travailleuses ne peuvent ni quitter leur employeur ni en changer sans le consentement de celui-ci. De plus, elles sont exclues des protections pr\u00e9vues par la l\u00e9gislation du travail, telles que le salaire minimum, les horaires r\u00e9glement\u00e9s, les jours de repos hebdomadaires, la r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration des heures suppl\u00e9mentaires et le droit \u00e0 la syndicalisation.<\/p>\n

L\u2019affaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 rouverte en mars 2025 \u00e0 la suite de l\u2019intervention du procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du Mont-Liban, et elle devrait \u00e9tablir un pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent juridique qui pourrait mener au tout premier proc\u00e8s pour esclavage au Liban.<\/p>\n

Ce cas met en lumi\u00e8re les contradictions entre les engagements internationaux du Liban et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me de kafala, qui viole plusieurs pactes internationaux ainsi que des conventions de l\u2019Organisation internationale du travail. Par ailleurs, le Liban n\u2019a pas ratifi\u00e9 le Protocole de 2014 relatif \u00e0 la Convention sur le travail forc\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les d\u00e9fenseurs des droits des travailleuses domestiques estiment que cette affaire pourrait poser les bases d\u2019une reconnaissance judiciaire du syst\u00e8me de kafala comme une forme d\u2019esclavage l\u00e9galis\u00e9, ouvrant ainsi la voie \u00e0 des poursuites sur la base de la Loi de 2011 contre la traite des \u00eatres humains.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un rapport de l\u2019Alternative Policy Institute (API) indique que le syst\u00e8me de kafala au Liban pourrait \u00eatre en train d\u2019\u00e9voluer, apr\u00e8s que l\u2019ancienne travailleuse domestique \u00e9thiopienne Meseret Hailu a intent\u00e9 un proc\u00e8s contre son employeur et l\u2019agence de recrutement, les accusant d\u2019esclavage et de traite d\u2019\u00eatres humains. Hailu, qui a travaill\u00e9 au Liban pendant pr\u00e8s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[155],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3399","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-actualites"},"yoast_head":"\nLe cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban | \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 - \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban | \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 - \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un rapport de l\u2019Alternative Policy Institute (API) indique que le syst\u00e8me de kafala au Liban pourrait \u00eatre en train d\u2019\u00e9voluer, apr\u00e8s que l\u2019ancienne travailleuse domestique \u00e9thiopienne Meseret Hailu a intent\u00e9 un proc\u00e8s contre son employeur et l\u2019agence de recrutement, les accusant d\u2019esclavage et de traite d\u2019\u00eatres humains. Hailu, qui a travaill\u00e9 au Liban pendant pr\u00e8s […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 - \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NHRCLB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nhrclb\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-09-14T09:34:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-14T09:46:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/LAW_Lebanon_Meseret.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"960\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"NHRCLB\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@nhrclb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@nhrclb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"NHRCLB\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr\\\/archives\\\/3399#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr\\\/archives\\\/3399\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"NHRCLB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/bcb35210564d89b3fafa40dbc39320bf\"},\"headline\":\"Le cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-09-14T09:34:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-14T09:46:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr\\\/archives\\\/3399\"},\"wordCount\":530,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr\\\/archives\\\/3399#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/LAW_Lebanon_Meseret.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr\\\/archives\\\/3399#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr\\\/archives\\\/3399\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/nhrclb.org\\\/fr\\\/archives\\\/3399\",\"name\":\"Le cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban | \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 - 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Hailu, qui a travaill\u00e9 au Liban pendant pr\u00e8s […]","og_url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399","og_site_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 - \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NHRCLB","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nhrclb\/","article_published_time":"2025-09-14T09:34:23+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-09-14T09:46:36+00:00","og_image":[{"width":960,"height":640,"url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/LAW_Lebanon_Meseret.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"NHRCLB","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@nhrclb","twitter_site":"@nhrclb","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"NHRCLB","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399"},"author":{"name":"NHRCLB","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr#\/schema\/person\/bcb35210564d89b3fafa40dbc39320bf"},"headline":"Le cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban","datePublished":"2025-09-14T09:34:23+00:00","dateModified":"2025-09-14T09:46:36+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399"},"wordCount":530,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/LAW_Lebanon_Meseret.jpg","articleSection":["Actualit\u00e9s"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399","url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399","name":"Le cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban | \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 - \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/LAW_Lebanon_Meseret.jpg","datePublished":"2025-09-14T09:34:23+00:00","dateModified":"2025-09-14T09:46:36+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/LAW_Lebanon_Meseret.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/LAW_Lebanon_Meseret.jpg","width":960,"height":640,"caption":"L'organisation Legal Action Worldwide suit l'affaire au nom de l'\u00c9thiopienne Meseret Hailu, une ancienne travailleuse domestique au Liban, qui a t\u00e9moign\u00e9 devant la justice le 27 mai 2025."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr\/archives\/3399#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629","item":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Le cas de Meseret Hailu et la reclassification du travail domestique comme esclavage moderne au Liban"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr#website","url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/fr","name":"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 - 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An independent national institution established under Law No. 62\/2016, which includes a National Preventive Mechanism against torture (the Committee for the Prevention of Torture), in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 12\/2008 (ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture). 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