{"id":5693,"date":"2024-08-29T13:40:58","date_gmt":"2024-08-29T10:40:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/archives\/5693"},"modified":"2026-03-23T11:30:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T09:30:44","slug":"%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%aa%d8%b3-%d9%88%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693","title":{"rendered":"Human Rights Watch: Lebanese Government\u2019s Continued Mismanagement of the Electricity is Violating Rights"},"content":{"rendered":"

The\u00a0Lebanese\u00a0government\u2019s continued mismanagement of the electricity sector and its failure to carry out key reforms is diminishing the public\u2019s already-limited access to electricity, Human Rights Watch said today.<\/p>\n

On August 17, 2024, Lebanon\u2019s only operational power plant shut down after the state-run electricity company, Electricit\u00e9 du Liban (EDL)\u00a0ran out of fuel<\/a>, resulting in a complete nationwide power outage. The outage left residents and key state\u00a0institutions<\/a>, such as the airport, water pump stations, sewage systems, and prisons, without state-provided electricity for more than 24 hours, and reliant on costly and highly polluting private diesel generators.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe government\u2019s continued willful mismanagement has plunged the country into complete darkness as residents are left to pay the price,\u201d said\u00a0Ramzi Kaiss, Lebanon researcher at Human Rights Watch. \u201cFailing to implement key reforms that would enable access to continuous, accessible, and clean electricity means that Lebanon will lurch from one acute power outage to the next with no end in sight.\u201d<\/p>\n

A 2023 Human Rights Watch\u00a0report documented<\/a>\u00a0that Lebanon\u2019s electricity crisis is preventing people in Lebanon from realizing their right to electricity, as well as other rights, including to education, health, water, sanitation, and a healthy environment.<\/p>\n

The South Lebanon Water Establishment, the public utility responsible for supplying water and treating wastewater across southern Lebanon, published a\u00a0statement<\/a>\u00a0on August 18 calling on people to ration water use \u201cto the maximum extent possible\u201d in light of the current power outage. It said that the utility\u2019s reliance on private diesel generators will \u201cnot be enough to provide the sufficient quantities of water to supply all the cities and towns within the jurisdiction of the establishment.\u201d<\/p>\n

The August 17 power outage resulted from the government\u2019s failure to make\u00a0overdue payments<\/a>\u00a0to the Iraqi government for\u00a0supplying<\/a>\u00a0Lebanon with heavy fuel oil that the Lebanese government can then\u00a0swap<\/a>\u00a0for fossil fuels compatible with Lebanon\u2019s power plants. The last operational plant shut down after the plant\u2019s fossil fuel reserves were depleted, EDL\u00a0said<\/a>, leading \u201cto a total blackout across all Lebanese territories.\u201d<\/p>\n

Media\u00a0reported<\/a>\u00a0that the Lebanese government had asked Iraq to forgive part of Lebanon\u2019s unpaid debt for previous fuel shipments, which caused Iraq to delay further shipments. On August 18, Algerian authorities\u00a0stated<\/a>\u00a0that they will supply Lebanon with fuel to operate its electricity power plants in wake of the power outage, and\u00a0sent<\/a>\u00a0several thousand tons on August 22, but no further details on the arrangement are publicly available. On August 19, Prime Minister Najib Mikati asked Lebanon\u2019s Central Inspection,\u202fthe government agency responsible for overseeing public agencies, to investigate the power outage.<\/p>\n

On August 21, Human Rights Watch sent a letter to the Energy and Water Minister with questions about the blackout, the status of promised reforms, and government steps to resolve the problem, but has not received written responses to the questions.<\/p>\n

For almost 30 years, Lebanese authorities have failed to properly manage the state-run electricity company, resulting in widespread blackouts. Between 2005 and 2020, the Lebanese government purchased\u00a0billions of dollars<\/a>\u2019 worth of tainted, faulty fuel from a subsidiary of the Algerian state oil company, Sonatrach.\u00a0The decades of unsustainable policies and fundamental neglect, the result of elite capture of state resources, alleged corruption, and vested interests caused a complete collapse in 2021 amid the ongoing economic crisis, leaving the country without power through most of the day.<\/p>\n

The government, including the Energy and Water Ministry, which is responsible for the overall strategic planning and policy development for electricity, has failed to implement key reforms that would unlock donor funds, enable greater access to continuous, accessible, and clean electricity from renewable sources, and rapidly phase out the use of fossil fuels.<\/p>\n

In December 2023, Lebanon\u2019s parliament passed the\u00a0Distributed Renewable Energy Law<\/a>,<\/u>\u00a0which seeks to organize the renewable energy sector and increase the number of hours of electricity provided by integrating renewable energy sources into the country\u2019s electricity grid and to allow private renewable energy sources to sell electricity. However, the law has yet to go into effect because the government has failed to activate and appoint the members of the Electricity Regulatory Authority (ERA), the independent regulatory body mandated with overseeing the electricity sector since 2002.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe ERA has not been appointed because of politics,\u201d Diana Kaissy, former executive director of the\u00a0Lebanese Oil and Gas Initiative<\/a>, told Human Rights Watch. \u201cThe political parties are behind forbidding the relinquishing of powers of the ministry to the ERA.\u201d In the absence of the ERA, the Council of Ministers, particularly the Energy and Water Minister, exerts almost complete control with little transparency and accountability.<\/p>\n

In 2023, the World Bank conditionally\u00a0agreed<\/a>\u00a0to finance agreements for Lebanon to import electricity and methane gas from Jordan and Egypt if Lebanese authorities carried out reforms, media reported. These included activating the ERA, auditing EDL, and improving collection of electricity bills. But the government, in addition to not appointing the ERA, has not published the required audit.<\/p>\n

The World Bank should refrain from funding any new energy projects that rely on fossil fuels and instead provide technical and financial support to expand renewable energy infrastructure, Human Rights Watch said. The two main measures that the World Bank lists rely primarily on fossil fuels as the primary source of electricity, with renewable sources remaining relatively limited and largely seen as a last resort.<\/p>\n

Human Rights Watch found in a 2023 report that Lebanon has almost unlimited renewable energy potential, particularly from solar and wind, with some experts saying that Lebanon could transition to 100 percent renewable energy utilizing wind, solar, and hydropower by 2035 using existing technologies.<\/p>\n

In 2024, the main electricity company provided about\u00a0four hours<\/a>\u00a0of electricity a day, media reported, while people who can afford it use highly polluting private diesel generators to supplement that supply. An informal and largely unregulated private diesel generator industry valued at around US$3 billion has mushroomed across the country.<\/p>\n

The reliance on heavy fuel oil-powered plants and diesel generators generates significant air pollution that has taken a huge toll on the environment and had significant impacts on people\u2019s health, possibly killing thousands each year in Lebanon, according to a\u00a0Greenpeace<\/a>\u00a0estimate in 2020.<\/p>\n

The Energy Minister has promised to increase the state-provided electricity supply up to eight hours a day, but energy experts told Human Rights Watch that this plan is unrealistic.<\/p>\n

\u201cAll the current plans are not realistic,\u201d said Christina Abi Haidar, a lawyer and independent energy consultant. \u201cThey do not address the current status quo, in light of the economic collapse. If we have fuel coming in for generators there will be no reform to the sector because the private generator profiteers are mostly politically affiliated cartels, and their business is going well. Who closes a business that brings them money?\u201d<\/p>\n

Since the beginning of cross-border hostilities with Israel on October 8, 2023, Israeli strikes in south Lebanon have also resulted in severe damage to electricity, water, and telecommunications infrastructure there, the\u00a0United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs<\/a>\u00a0(UNOCHA) said. On August 4, an Israeli strike\u00a0destroyed<\/a>\u00a0an electricity substation in al-Taybeh. Israeli artillery shelling also\u00a0damaged<\/a>\u00a0a power distribution station in Marjeyoun on July 13, exacerbating the electricity supply disruptions in the area.<\/p>\n

The Lebanese government should, in the current fiscal and electricity crisis, immediately ramp up local and utility-scale renewable energy generation projects to decrease its reliance on expensive, and heavily polluting fossil fuels, Human Rights Watch said.<\/p>\n

Everyone has the right to an adequate standard of living, as set out in treaties like the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), that are binding in Lebanon. Human Rights Watch has found that this right should also include, explicitly, a right to adequate, accessible, clean and sustainable electricity. Lebanon should recognize the right to electricity and enact a strong strategy to implement it as rapidly as possible.<\/p>\n

Lebanon\u2019s government should take immediate steps to ensure that all residents have a continuous, accessible, clean and sustainable supply of electricity from renewable energy sources. It should implement the 2023 Distributed Renewable Energy Law and ensure accountability and transparency in the electricity sector by activating the ERA and conducting an audit of the state-run electricity company.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe time for excuses and dithering is over,\u201d Kaiss said. \u201cThe government should no longer delay the needed electricity sector reforms to transition to a model of, clean and sustainable electricity from renewable energy sources.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The\u00a0Lebanese\u00a0government\u2019s continued mismanagement of the electricity sector and its failure to carry out key reforms is diminishing the public\u2019s already-limited access to electricity, Human Rights Watch said today. On August 17, 2024, Lebanon\u2019s only operational power plant shut down after the state-run electricity company, Electricit\u00e9 du Liban (EDL)\u00a0ran out of fuel, resulting in a complete […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5694,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[154],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5693","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news-en"},"yoast_head":"\nHuman Rights Watch: Lebanese Government\u2019s Continued Mismanagement of the Electricity is Violating Rights | National Human Rights Commission - Lebanon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Human Rights Watch: Lebanese Government\u2019s Continued Mismanagement of the Electricity is Violating Rights | National Human Rights Commission - Lebanon\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The\u00a0Lebanese\u00a0government\u2019s continued mismanagement of the electricity sector and its failure to carry out key reforms is diminishing the public\u2019s already-limited access to electricity, Human Rights Watch said today. 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On August 17, 2024, Lebanon\u2019s only operational power plant shut down after the state-run electricity company, Electricit\u00e9 du Liban (EDL)\u00a0ran out of fuel, resulting in a complete […]","og_url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693","og_site_name":"National Human Rights Commission - Lebanon","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NHRCLB","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nhrclb\/","article_published_time":"2024-08-29T10:40:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-03-23T09:30:44+00:00","og_image":[{"width":822,"height":537,"url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/616071.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"NHRCLB","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@nhrclb","twitter_site":"@nhrclb","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"NHRCLB","Est. reading time":"11 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693"},"author":{"name":"NHRCLB","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en#\/schema\/person\/bcb35210564d89b3fafa40dbc39320bf"},"headline":"Human Rights Watch: Lebanese Government\u2019s Continued Mismanagement of the Electricity is Violating Rights","datePublished":"2024-08-29T10:40:58+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-23T09:30:44+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693"},"wordCount":1405,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/616071.png","articleSection":["News"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693","url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/5693","name":"Human Rights Watch: Lebanese Government\u2019s Continued Mismanagement of the Electricity is Violating Rights | National Human Rights Commission - 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An independent national institution established under Law No. 62\/2016, which includes a National Preventive Mechanism against torture (the Committee for the Prevention of Torture), in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 12\/2008 (ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture). 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