{"id":3599,"date":"2025-11-05T14:32:49","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T14:32:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/?p=3599"},"modified":"2025-11-05T14:35:22","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T14:35:22","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%88%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%af%d9%8a-%d8%b1%d8%a3%d9%8a-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/3599","title":{"rendered":"National Human Rights Commission Issues Legal Opinion on the Draft Law Regulating the Trade of Seeds, Seedlings, and Propagation Materials"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pursuant to Article 15 of Law No. 62\/2016, the National Human Rights Commission (including the Committee for the Prevention of Torture)<\/strong> has issued a detailed legal opinion on the Draft Law Regulating the Trade of Seeds, Seedlings, and Propagation Materials<\/em>.<\/a> The Commission considers that the draft proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture<\/a>, in its current form, adopts a narrowly technical and commercial approach while overlooking the broader human rights, social, and environmental dimensions linked to the right to food, farmers\u2019 rights, food sovereignty, and the protection of agricultural biodiversity.<\/p>\n

I. Legal and Normative Basis<\/h3>\n

The Commission clarified that this opinion falls within its mandate to review legislation related to human rights, in line with Lebanon\u2019s international obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights<\/em> (Articles 11 and 15), the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas<\/em> (UNDROP, 2018), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)<\/em>, and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture<\/em> (FAO, 2001), as well as the principle of food sovereignty<\/em> recognized by global farmers\u2019 movements.<\/p>\n

II. Main Observations on the Draft Law<\/h3>\n

According to the Commission, the draft law leans toward an industrial agricultural model inspired by the UPOV Convention<\/strong>, focusing on protecting the rights of commercial breeders through registration and certification systems based on uniformity and stability, while excluding traditional and local seeds from the legal framework<\/strong>.
The Commission warned that the draft\u2019s failure to explicitly recognize farmers\u2019 rights to save, use, exchange, and sell their traditional seeds<\/strong> threatens Lebanon\u2019s agricultural biodiversity and undermines small farmers\u2019 livelihoods.<\/p>\n

It also criticized the provision prohibiting the import or export of seeds under the pretext of biosecurity, calling it a disproportionate restriction<\/strong> on farmers\u2019 rights to regional exchange and cooperation. The Commission recommended replacing it with a framework based on prior informed consent<\/em> and transparent phytosanitary standards<\/em>. Furthermore, it noted the absence of safeguards against genetically modified organisms (GMOs)<\/strong> and biopiracy<\/em>, which could endanger Lebanon\u2019s genetic resources.<\/p>\n

III. Human Rights, Social, and Environmental Impact<\/h3>\n

The Commission found that the draft law, as currently formulated, restricts farmers\u2019 right to produce food freely using local resources<\/strong>, contradicting Lebanon\u2019s obligations to promote food security based on agricultural biodiversity rather than dependency on commercial imports.
It warned that the generalization of the commercial seed model will exacerbate environmental degradation and social inequality<\/strong>, increasing dependence on imported hybrid seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers. The Commission also emphasized that rural women and girls are disproportionately affected<\/strong> by structural inequalities that limit access to resources, education, and participation in agricultural decision-making, despite their crucial role in conserving agrobiodiversity.<\/p>\n

IV. Legislative Recommendations<\/h3>\n

The Commission called for a comprehensive rights-based and participatory reform of the draft law, recommending:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    Legal recognition of a national farmers\u2019 seed system<\/em> complementary to the commercial one;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Establishment of a National Farmers\u2019 Seed and Genetic Diversity Committee<\/em>;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Creation of a National Seed Fund<\/em> to support community-based research and local agricultural production;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Inclusion of a dedicated chapter on Farmers\u2019 Managed Seed Systems (FMSS)<\/em> guaranteeing the right to save, exchange, and use seeds;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Addition of provisions protecting local seeds from GMOs and biopiracy;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Ensuring equal participation of women and young farmers in all technical and regulatory bodies;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Alignment of the law with the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants (UNDROP)<\/em> to uphold social justice, equality, and non-discrimination in rural areas;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    And inclusion of a clause recommending that Lebanon not accede to the UPOV Convention or any similar non-UN treaty<\/strong> before an independent human rights and socio-economic impact assessment is conducted.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    V. Conclusion<\/h3>\n

    The Commission concluded that adopting the draft law in its current form would deepen the vulnerability of Lebanon\u2019s rural population, undermine local food production, and increase dependency on imported agricultural inputs<\/strong>. It urged the government and Parliament to embrace a participatory, rights-based approach grounded in farmers\u2019 rights, food sovereignty, and biodiversity conservation, as essential components of rural resilience, food security, and human dignity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Pursuant to Article 15 of Law No. 62\/2016, the National Human Rights Commission (including the Committee for the Prevention of Torture) has issued a detailed legal opinion on the Draft Law Regulating the Trade of Seeds, Seedlings, and Propagation Materials. The Commission considers that the draft proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture, in its current […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3606,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[157],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3599","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-statements-and-speeches-en"},"yoast_head":"\nNational Human Rights Commission Issues Legal Opinion on the Draft Law Regulating the Trade of Seeds, Seedlings, and Propagation Materials | National Human Rights Commission - Lebanon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/3599\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"National Human Rights Commission Issues Legal Opinion on the Draft Law Regulating the Trade of Seeds, Seedlings, and Propagation Materials | National Human Rights Commission - Lebanon\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pursuant to Article 15 of Law No. 62\/2016, the National Human Rights Commission (including the Committee for the Prevention of Torture) has issued a detailed legal opinion on the Draft Law Regulating the Trade of Seeds, Seedlings, and Propagation Materials. 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An independent national institution established under Law No. 62\/2016, which includes a National Preventive Mechanism against torture (the Committee for the Prevention of Torture), in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 12\/2008 (ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture). Une institution nationale ind\u00e9pendante \u00e9tablie en vertu de la loi n\u00b0 62\/2016, qui comprend un m\u00e9canisme national de pr\u00e9vention de la torture (le Comit\u00e9 pour la pr\u00e9vention de la torture), conform\u00e9ment aux dispositions de la loi n\u00b0 12\/2008 (ratifiant le Protocole facultatif se rapportant \u00e0 la Convention contre la torture).","sameAs":["https:\/\/nhrclb.org","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nhrclb\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nhrc_lb","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/nhrclb","https:\/\/x.com\/nhrclb","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCDxi0DJVqYSNfc06GleK8ig","https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/nhrclb"],"url":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/archives\/author\/admin2024"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3599"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3599\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3615,"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3599\/revisions\/3615"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhrclb.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}